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publications	2025 van der Maas, H.L.J. and Waldorp, L.J. (2025). Analytical Bifurcation Analysis of Mean-Field Ising Models Reveals Connectivity as a Risk Factor for Psychopathology. Journal of Mathematical Psychology (accepted). [ssrn] Waldorp, L.J., Pham, T. and van der Maas, H.L.J. (2025). Mean-field theory of the general-spin Ising model. European Physical Journal B (accepted). [ArXiv] Waldorp, L.J., Schutzeichel, F. and de Jong, P. (2025). Causal inference: Principles unifying experimental and observational accounts. Theory and Psychology (in press). [ArXiv] 2024 Waldorp, L.J., Kossakowski, J. and van der Maas, H.L.J. (2024). Perturbation graphs, invariant causal prediction and causal relations in psychology. British Journal of Mathematical and Statistical Psychology (accepted). [ArXiv] Evers, K., Borsboom, D. Fried, E.I., Hasselman, F. and Waldorp, L.J.. Early warning signals of complex critical transitions in deterministic dynamics. Nonlinear Dynamics 112(21), 19071-19094. [link] Park, K., Waldorp, L. and Ryan, O. (2024). Discovering Cyclic Causal Models in Psychological Research. Advances in Psychology, 2, e e72425. [link] Waldorp, L and Haslbeck, J. (2024). Network inference with the lasso. Multivariate Behavioral Research. [link] Huth, K., DeLong, B., Waldorp, L., Marsman, M., & Rhemtulla, M. A note on nodewise network estimation. Derks, J. L., Vermeulen, J. M., Boyette, L.-L., Waldorp, L. J., and de Haan, L. (2024). Short-term sequences of aggressive behavior in psychiatric inpatients with psychotic disorders using Markov models. Journal of mental health, 33(2), 193--201. 2023 Ryan, O., Haslbeck, J. and Waldorp, L. (2023). Non-Stationarity in Time-Series Analysis: Modeling Stochastic and Deterministic Trends. [link] Haslbeck, J., Epskamp, S. and Waldorp, L. (2023). Testing for Group Differences in Multilevel Vector Autoregressive Models. [link] Schutzeichel, F., Waldorp, L. J., aan het Rot, M., Glashouwer, K. A., Frey, M. I., Wiers, R. W., & de Jong, P. J. (2023). Life meaning and feelings of ineffectiveness as transdiagnostic factors in eating disorder and comorbid internalizing symptomatology--A combined undirected and causal network approach. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 104439. Ntekouli, M., Spanakis, G., Waldorp, L. and Roefs, A. (2023). Clustering Individuals Based on Multivariate EMA Time-Series Data Check for updates. Quantitative Psychology: The 87th Annual Meeting of the Psychometric Society. Haslbeck, J., Vermunt, J.K. and Waldorp, L. (2023). The impact of ordinal scales on Gaussian mixture recovery. Behavior Research Methods 55(4), 2143-2156. [link] Stocker, J. E., Koppe, G., de Paredes, H. R., Heshmati, S., Hofmann, S. G., Hahn, T., van der Maas, H., Waldorp, L., and Jamalabadi, H. (2023). Towards a formal model of psychological intervention: Applying a dynamic network and control approach to attitude modification. Scientific Reports, 13(13830). [link] 2022 Waldorp, LJ (2023). Networks with more nodes than observations. [link] van Borkulo, C. D., van Bork, R., Boschloo, L., Kossakowski, J. J., Tio, P., Schoevers, R. A., Borsboom, D., and Waldorp, L. J. (2022). Comparing Network Structures on Three Aspects: A Permutation Test. Psychological Methods. [link] Isvoranu, A., Epskamp, S., Waldorp, L. J., & Borsboom, D. (2022). Network psychometrics with R: A guide for behavioral and social scientists. Routledge. [link] 2021 Waldorp, LJ and Marsman, M (2020). Relations between networks, regression, partial correlation, and the latent variable model. arXiv P95 Haslbeck, J., Ryan, O., Robinaugh, D. J., Waldorp, L. J. and Borsboom, D. (2021). Modeling psychopathology: From data models to formal theories. Psychological Methods. [link] Kossakowski, J., Waldorp, L. J. and van der Maas, H. L. J. (2021). The search for causality: A comparison of different techniques for causal inference graphs. Psychological Methods, 26(6), 719--742. 2020 Waldorp, LJ, Marsman, M and Borsboom, D (2020). Reliability of decisions based on tests: Fourier analysis of Boolean decision functions. arXiv P96 Haslbeck, J and Waldorp, LJ (2020). mgm: Estimating Time-Varying Mixed Graphical Models in High-Dimensional Data. Journal of Statistical Software 93. openAccess P94 Waldorp, LJ and Kossakowski, J (2020). Mean field dynamics of stochastic cellular automata for random and small-world graphs Journal of Mathematical Psychology 97, 102380. arXiv P93 Haslbeck, JMB, Epskamp, S, Marsman, M, Waldorp, LJ (2020). Interpreting the Ising model: The input matters. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1-11. arXiv P92 Haslbeck, JMB, Bringmann, LF and Waldorp, LJ (2020). A Tutorial on Estimating Time-Varying Vector Autoregressive Models. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1-30. arXiv P91 van der Maas, HLJ, Dalege, J and Waldorp, LJ (2020). The polarization within and across individuals: the hierarchical Ising opinion model. Journal of Complex Networks 8(2) openAccess P90 Pircalabelu, E, Claeskens, G and Waldorp, LJ (2020). Zoom‐in–out joint graphical lasso for different coarseness scales. Journal of the Royal Statistical Society: Series C (Applied Statistics) 69(1), 47-67. openAccess P89 Robinaugh, D, Haslbeck, J, Ryan, O, Fried, EI, Waldorp, LJ (2020). Invisible hands and fine calipers: A call to use formal theory as a toolkit for theory construction. PsyArXiv P88 van de Ven, V, Waldorp, LJ and Christoffels, IC (2020). Hippocampus plays a role in speech feedback processing. bioRxiv P87 2019 Haslbeck, JMB, Borsboom, D and Waldorp, LJ (2019). Moderated network models. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1-32. aRxiv P86 van Bork, R, Rhemtulla, M, Waldorp, LJ, Kruis, J, Rezvanifar, R, Borsboom, D (2019). Latent variable models and networks: Statistical equivalence and testability. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 1-24. openAccess P85 Zadelaar, JN, Weeda, WD, Waldorp, LJ, Van Duijvenvoorde, ACK, Blankenstein, NE and Huizenga, HM (2019). Are individual differences quantitative or qualitative? An integrated behavioral and fMRI MIMIC approach. NeuroImage 202, 116058. P84 Haslbeck, J, Ryan, O, Robinaugh, O, Waldorp, LJ, Borsboom, D (2019). Modeling psychopathology: From data models to formal theories. arXiv P83 Kossakowski, J, Oudheusden, LJB, McNally, RK, Riemann, BC, Waldorp, LJ, van der Maas, HLJ (2019). Introducing the Causal Graph Approach to Psychopathology: An Illustration in Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder arXiv P82 Cremers, H, van Zutphen, L, Duken, SB, Domes, G, Sprenger, A and Waldorp, LJ (2019). Borderline Personality Disorder classification based on brain network centrality during emotion regulation. arXiv P81 Marsman, M, Waldorp, LJ, Dablander, F and Wagenmakers, EJ (2019). Bayesian estimation of explained variance in ANOVA designs. Statistica Neerlandica 73(3), 351-372. openAccess P80 Waldorp. LJ and Marsman, M (2019). Intervention in undirected Ising graphs and the partition function. arXiv P79 Robinaugh, D, Haslbeck, J, Waldorp, LJ, Kossakowski, J, Fried, EJ Millner, A, McNally, RJ, van Nes, EH, Scheffer, M, Kendler, KS and Borsboom, D (2019). Advancing the network theory of mental disorders: A computational model of panic disorder psyArXiv P78 Jahfari, S, Ridderinkhof, KR, Collins, AGE, Knapen, T, Waldorp, LJ and Frank, MJ (2019). Cross-task contributions of frontobasal ganglia circuitry in response inhibition and conflict-induced slowing. Cerebral Cortex 29(5), 1969-1983. bioRxiv P77 Waldorp, LJ, Marsman, M and Maris, G (2019). Logistic regression and Ising networks: prediction and estimation when violating lasso assumptions Behaviormetrika 46(1), 49-72. openAccess P76 Kossakowski, JJ, Gordijn, M, Riese, H, Waldorp, LJ (2019). Applying a dynamical systems model and network theory to major depressive disorder Frontiers in Psychology 10, 1762. openAccess P75 Gunst, A, Werner, M, Waldorp, LJ, Laan, ETM, Källström, K and Jern, P (2019). A network analysis of female sexual function: comparing symptom networks in women with decreased, increased, and stable sexual desire. Scientific reports 8(1), 1-10. openAccess P74 Epskamp, S, Waldorp, LJ, Mõttus, R and Borsboom, D (2019). The Gaussian graphical model in cross-sectional and time-series data Multivariate Behavioral Research 53(4), 453-480. openAccess P73 2018 Marsman, M, Tanis, CC, Bechger, TM and Waldorp, LJ (2018). Network psychometrics in educational practice. In: Theoretical and practical advances in computer-based educational measurement, 93-120. openAccess P72 de Mooij, SSM, Henson, RNA, Waldorp, LJ and Kievit, R (2018). Age differentiation within gray matter, white matter, and between memory and white matter in an adult life span cohort. Journal of Neuroscience 38(25), 5826-5836. openAccess P71 Tio, P, Waldorp, LJ and van Deun, K (2018). Estimating cross-source relationships from wide big data using component-and network-analysis. Big Data in Psychology. PsyArXiv van Bork, R, Grasman, RPPP, Waldorp, LJ (2018). Unidimensional factor models imply weaker partial correlations than zero-order correlations. Psychometrika 83(2), 443-452. P70 Haslbeck, JMB, Waldorp, LJ (2018). How well do network models predict observations? On the importance of predictability in network models. Behavior research methods 50(2), 853-861. openAccess P69 van Bork, R, van Borkulo, CD, Waldorp, LJ, Cramer, AOJ and Borsboom, D (2018). Network models for clinical psychology. In: Stevens' handbook of experimental psychology and cognitive neuroscience, 5, 1-35. P68 Werner, M, Štulhofer, A, Waldorp, LJ, Jurin, T (2018). A network approach to hypersexuality: Insights and clinical implications. The journal of sexual medicine 15(3), 373-386. openAccess P67 Verschuere, B, van Ghesel-Grothe, S, Waldorp, LJ, Watts, LA, Lilienfeld, SO, Edens, JF, Skeem, JL and Noordhof, A (2018). What features of psychopathy might be central? A network analysis of the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) in three large samples. Journal of Abnormal Psychology 127(1), 51. P66 Borsboom,, D Fried, EI, Epskamp, S, Waldorp, LJ, van Borkulo, CD, .. (2018). False alarm? A comprehensive reanalysis of “Evidence that psychopathology symptom networks have limited replicability” by Forbes, Wright, Markon, and Krueger (2017). American Psychological Association 126(7), 989. P65 2017 Marsman, M, Borsboom, D, Kruis, J, Epskamp, S, van Bork, R, Waldorp, LJ and van der Maas, HLJ (2017). An Introduction to Network Psychometrics: Relating Ising Network Models to Item Response Theory Models. Multivariate behavioral research, 1-21. P64 Dalege,J, Borsboom, D, van Harreveld, F, Waldorp, LJ and van der Maas, HLJ (2017). Network structure explains the impact of attitudes on voting decisions. Scientific reports 7(1), 1-11. P63 Marsman, M, Waldorp, LJ, Maris, G (2017). A note on large-scale logistic prediction: Using an approximate graphical model to deal with collinearity and missing data Behaviormetrika 44(2), 513-534. openAccess P62 2016 Epskamp, S, Maris, GKJ, Waldorp, LJ and Borsboom, D (2016). Network psychometrics. arXiv preprint arXiv:1609.02818. P61 Pircalabelu, E, Claeskens, G, Waldorp, LJ (2016). Mixed scale joint graphical lasso. Biostatistics 17(4), 793-806. openAccess P60 van Borkulo, CD, Boschloo, L, Borsboom, D, Penninx, B, Waldorp, LJ and Schoevers, R (2016). Association of symptom network structure with the course of longitudinal depression. JAMA Psychiatry 73(4), 1071-1092. P59 Cramer, AOJ, D van Ravenzwaaij, D Matzke, H Steingroever, R Wetzels Grasman, RPPP, Waldorp, LJ and Wagenmakers, EJ (2016). Hidden multiplicity in exploratory multiway ANOVA: Prevalence and remedies Psychonomic bulletin & review 23(2), 640-647. openAccess P58 Kievit, RA, Scholte, HS, Waldorp, LJ, Borsboom, D (2016). Inter-and intra-individual differences in fluid reasoning show distinct cortical responses BioRxiv, 039412 P57 2015 Waldorp, LJ, Schmittmann, VD. (2016). Computing assortative mixing by degree with the s metric in networks using linear programming. Journal of Applied Mathematics openAccess P56 Pircalabelu, E, Claeskens, G, Waldorp, LJ (2015). A focused information criterion for graphical models. Statistics and Computing 25(6), 1071-1092. access P55 Schmittmann, VD, Jahfari, S, Borsboom, D, Savi, A, Waldorp, LJ (2015). Making large-scale networks from fMRI data. PloS one 10(9), e0129074. openAccess P54 Costantini, G, Epskamp, S, Borsboom, D, Perugini, M, Mõttus, R, Waldorp, LJ and Cramer, AOJ (2015). State of the aRt personality research: A tutorial on network analysis of personality data in R Journal of Research in Personality 54, 13-29. access P53 Pircalabelu, E, Claeskens, G, Jahfari, S, Waldorp, LJ (2015). A focused information criterion for graphical models in fMRI connectivity with high-dimensional data. The Annals of Applied Statistics 9(4), 2179-2214. access P52 2014 Pircalabelu, E., Claeskens, G., and Waldorp, L.J. (2014). Structure Learning using a Focused Information Criterion for Graphical Models. Statistics and Computing, 1-22. P51 Waldorp, L.J. Testing for graph differences using the desparsified lasso in high-dimensional data. (submitted) P50 van Borkulo, C.D., Borsboom, D., Epskamp, S., Blanken, B.W., Bosschloo, L., Schoevers, R.A., and Waldorp, L.J. (2014). A new method for constructing networks from binary data. Scientific Reports, 4, 5918. P49 Pircalabelu, E., Claeskens, G. and Waldorp, L. (2014) Constructing Graphical Models via the Focused Information Criterion. In: Lecture Notes in Statistics: Modeling and Stochastic Learning for Forecasting in High Dimension. Editors: A. Antoniadis, X. Brossat, J.-M. Poggi. (book chapter). P48 de Hollander, G., Wagenmakers, E.-J., Waldorp, L., & Forstmann, B. (2014). An Antidote to the Imager's Fallacy, or How to Identify Brain Areas That Are in Limbo. PloS One, 9(12), e115700. P47 Guillaume, B., Hua, X., Thompson, P. M., Waldorp, L., & Nichols, T. E. (2014). Fast and accurate modelling of longitudinal and repeated measures neuroimaging data. NeuroImage, 94, 287--302. P46 Waldorp, LJ Mixed continuous and binary graphs: The relation between factor and Ising models. (submitted) P45 Costantini, G., Epskamp, S., Borsboom, D., Perugini, M., Mõttus, R., Waldorp, L. J., & Cramer, A. O. (2014). State of the aRt personality research: A tutorial on network analysis of personality data in R. Journal of Research in Personality. P44 van Borkulo, C. D., Kamphuis, J. H., and Waldorp, L.J.. Predicting behaviour of networks of mental disorders: The contact process as a model for dynamics of psychopathology. (in revision) P43 Waldorp, LJ and Wicherts, J. Modified Cohen's Q for testing simultaneously dependent and overlapping correlations. (working paper). P42 Jahfari, S., Waldorp, L. J., Ridderinkhof, K. R., & Scholte, H. S. (2014). Visual information shapes the dynamics of cortico-basal ganglia pathways during perceptual response selection and inhibition. Journal of Vision, 14(10), 308--308. P41 2013 Bringmann, L. Scholte, S., and Waldorp, L.J. (2013). Matching Structural, Effective, and Functional Connectivity: A Comparison Between Structural Equation Modeling and Ancestral Graphs. Brain Connectivity, 3 (4): 375-385. P40 Kievit, R.A, Frankenhuis, W.E., Waldorp, L.J., and Borsboom. (2013) Simpson's paradox in psychological science: a practical guide. Frontiers in Psychology, 4, 513. P39 2012 Epskamp, S, Cramer, AOJ, Waldorp, LJ, Schmittmann, VD, and Borsboom, D. (2012). Qgraph: Network visualizations of relationships in psychometric data. Journal of Statistical of Statistical Software, 28(4). P38 Weeda, WD, Grasman, RPPP, Waldorp, LJ, van de Laar, MC, van de Molen, MW, and Huizenga, HM (2012). A Fast and Reliable Method for Simultaneous Waveform, Amplitude and Latency Estimation of Single-Trial EEG/MEG Data. PloS One, 7(6): e38292. P37 Jahfari, S, Verbruggen, F, Frank, MJ, Waldorp, LJ, Colzato, L, Ridderinkhof, RK, and U. Forstmann, B (2012). How Preparation Changes the Need for Top-Down Control of the Basal Ganglia When Inhibiting Premature Actions. The Journal of Neuroscience, 32(32): 10870-10878. P36 Kievit, R.A., van Rooijen, H., Wicherts, J.M., Waldorp, L.J., Kan, K.J., Scholte, H.S., and Borsboom, D. (2012). Intelligence and the brain: A model-based approach. Cognitive Neuroscience, 3(2). P35 2011 Schmittmann, V.D., Cramer, A.O.J., Waldorp, L.J., Epskamp, S., Kievit, R.A., Borsboom, D. (2011). Deconstructing the construct: A network perspective on psychological phenomena. New Ideas in Psychology, 31(1): 43-53. P34 Borsboom, D., Cramer, A.O.J., Schmittmann, V.D., Epskamp, S., & Waldorp, L.J. (2011). The small world of psychopathology. PLoS ONE, 11, e27407. P33 Christoffels,I.K., Ven, V. v.d., Waldorp, L.J., Formisano, E., and Schiller, N.O. (2011). The sensory consequences of speaking: Parametric neural cancellation during speech in auditory cortex, PLoS One, 6(5), e18307. P32 Weeda, W.D., de Vos, F., Waldorp, L.J., Grasman, R., and Huizenga, H.M. (2011). arf3DS4: An Integrated Framework for Localization and Connectivity Analysis of fMRI Data. Journal of Statistical Software, 44(14). P31 Kievit, R.A., Romeijn, J.W., Waldorp, L.J., Wicherts, J.M., Scholte, H.S. & Borsboom, D. (2011). Modeling Mind and Matter: Reductionism and Psychological Measurement in Cognitive Neuroscience. Psychological Inquiry, 22, 67-87. P30 Jahfari, S., Waldorp, L.J., Wildenberg, W.P.M., Scholte, H.S., Ridderinkhof, K.R., and Forstmann, B.U. (2011). Effective inhibition reveals important roles for both the hyperdirect (fronto-subthalamic) and the indirect (fronto-striatal-pallidal) fronto-basal ganglia pathways during response inhibition. Journal of Neuroscience, 31(18), 6891-6899. P29 Waldorp, L.J., Christoffels, I.K., and van de Ven, V. (2011) Effective connectivity of fMRI data using ancestral graph theory: Dealing with missing regions, Neuroimage, 54, 2695 - 2705. P28 2010 and before Weeda, W.D., Waldorp, L.J., Grasman, R.P.P.P., van Gaal, S., Huizenga, H.M. (2010). Functional connectivity analysis of fMRI data using parameterized regions-of-interest NeuroImage, 54(1), 410-416. P27 Cramer, A. O. J., Waldorp, L. J., van der Maas, H., & Borsboom, D. (2010) Comorbidity: A network perspective. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 33, 137-150. P26 Waldorp, L.J. (2009). Robust and unbiased variance of GLM coefficients for misspecified autocorrelation and hemodynamic response models in fMRI. International Journal of Biomedical Imaging Volume 2009, Article ID 723912. P25